http://makingrenmanuscripts.exhibits.library.upenn.edu/files/original/a0a1f0649cbb6ba2383f8ffe7c9eec28.png 34737b5c3eebae15d5ce46000d7d62bc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2. Crafting the Codex; The Humanist Scribe at Work Subject The topic of the resource The Humanist Scribe at Work Description An account of the resource The renewal of interest in Greco-Roman antiquity that characterized the Renaissance was a gradual process of intellectual and material rediscovery. As works by ancient authors were being uncovered, translated, and edited, so too were the physical vehicles through which these ancient texts were transmitted—manuscripts from the high Middle Ages—examined and copied anew. The most prominent early figure to carefully consider older manuscripts was Francis Petrarch (1304– 74), whose own handwriting remained anchored in the upright, angular forms of Gothic textualis script. His call for the reform of writing was taken up a generation later by the chancellor of Florence Coluccio Salutati (1331–1406), who helped to develop a simplified semi-Gothic script, which remained in use throughout the fifteenth century. But it was Salutati’s young protégé Poggio Bracciolini (1380–1459) who developed a reformed script based on the Caroline minuscule, a highly legible style of lettering first devised in the late eighth century. Within a few years, the scholar-bibliophile Niccolò Niccoli (1364–37) had produced a more flowing, cursive humanistic script, and it was Niccoli’s cursive that was adapted as the now-standard Italic font by the Venetian printer Aldus Manutius. Italian scribes adopted these innovations rapidly, but diffusion beyond the Italian peninsula was slow, though isolated examples written in France do survive. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dr. Nicholas Herman Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Making the Renaissance Manuscript; Discoveries From Philadelphia Libraries Catalogue Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Exhibition Catalogue Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Initial M cutting from Florus of Lyon, <em>Expositio in epistolas beati Pauli</em> (Commentary on the Letters of Saint Paul) Description An account of the resource This initial has been excised from an eleventh-century copy of Florus of Lyon’s commentary on the Epistles of Paul: the fragmentary text visible on the reverse side includes the conclusion of the commentary on Philemon and the beginning of the section on Hebrews. Florus (ca. 810–60) was a theologian, canonist, and liturgist educated in the spirit of the Carolingian Renaissance. His work on the Pauline Epistles was widely copied in the following centuries. The white-vine scroll decoration seen in this fragment—known in Italian as <em>bianchi girari</em>—is typical of manuscript illumination associated with the Romanesque period. It was later borrowed by humanist scribes and illuminators who thought the texts they were copying were ancient, or at least reliable copies of lost originals. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1100–1125 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Manuscript cutting on parchment Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context The Free Library of Philadelphia, Lewis E M 46:1b Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Switzerland or Southern Germany (?)